EN
Amalungiselelo Angaphakathi
Ukukhanya kwesafundi: 800-1100 HV0.1
Ubude bewaqa: 80-150 μm
Ukuphatha kokuguqula kwezinyathelo ezinkulu zezinhlobo zezinkambu: ≤0.02 mm
Ukuzenzela okulinganayo kwezinyathelo ezinkulu zezinhlobo zezinkambu, izinhlobo ezinkulu zezinhlobo zezinkambu nezinhlobo zezinhlobo zezinkambu zezinhlobo zezinkambu
Ilaye yokuqula enobungakanani obuhle, ukuphatha okuhle kokukhanya okuphakeme nokulinda ukuthi kufa ngokushisa kwezinhlobo zezindawo zokusebenza kwemvelo nezinhlobo zezindawo zokusebenza kwemvelo
Isibonelo Sesithuthi Nokuthi Kuyisifunda Esikhundleni
YIQIN iyathumela indlela yokuqonda yezindustria yokunqula amaphoyinti we-turbine ngokusebenzisa i-nitriding, okwenzelwe kusukela kwezinkulungwane zokuphatha amandla. Lokhu kucacisa ukuthi kuzoba kanjani ukunqula kwe-Ti-6Al-4V kwenza ukuthi amaphoyinti we-turbine ayizihlukumeze kwezinkulungwane zokuphatha amandla zasezinsukwini. Ngokubheka kwezinye izinhlobo zokufaka amaphoyinti emphakathi yamandla apho kuyakhula amandla, lokhu kunciphisa ukuthi kuzoba kanjani ukuthi amaphoyinti aya kuhlukumeze. Ukusebenzisa izindlela zokunqula amaphoyinti we-turbine ngokuphelele kunciphisa ukuthi kuzoba kanjani ukuthi amaphoyinti aya kuhlukumeze kwezinye izindawo zokusebenza.
Lokhu kucwasa kwesikhathi esiphakade kwe-Ti-6Al-4V kunciphisa ukuguqula kwezinhlobo zokugqibela kwezindawo zokuphatha kwezinhlobo zokuphatha. Ngenxa yokuthi izindawo zokuphatha izisebenza ngokwamanje ziyakhuluma ukuthi zizimele kubukhali, ukuthi isitayile yamandla ayisikhele kuyabangela umphumela wokuthi kuyisikhundla sokufana kwezindlela zokusebenza. Isilayi esiphelele sokuchitha kwezindawo eziningi kusuka kwezindawo zokuphatha kuyaphendula kakhulu ekupheleni kwezindawo zokuphatha zokuphatha. Ngokwenziwa kwezindawo zokuphatha zokuchitha kwezindawo zokuphatha, izinto zinethu lezinye zokuphatha kwezindawo zokuphatha kwezindawo zokuphatha. Lokhu kucwasa kwesikhathi esiphakade kwe-Ti-6Al-4V kunciphisa ukuthi kuzosha kwezindawo zokuphatha ngaphandle kokuthi kunciphise ukuthi kuyisikhundla sokufana kwezindawo zokuphatha.
Amasiko nezindawo zokusebenza
Ukuphelela kwesitayile yomthwakazi wokugcina kufikwa ngokuphelela uma izinyathelo zokuhlelwa kwezinye izinyathelo zokubeka emaphakathi zisilungiselela iziqephu ngekuphatha kwezinyathelo zokuphatha. Ukuthi sithandane nokusebenza kwezinye izinyathelo zokubeka okuphakade kwezinye iziqephu zisilungiselela isiqephu ngokwesibhakabhaka. Ukusebenzisa izinyathelo ezinkulu zokubeka okuphakade kwezinye iziqephu zisilungiselela ukungabikho kwezinye izinyathelo ezingavamile. Konke okukhethekile kokubeka kwezinye iziqephu zesi-6Al-4V kusetyenziswa ukuphakama okuphelela kwezinye izinyathelo zokubeka ukuze kuvikeke ukungafanele kwezinye izinyathelo. Izindawo zokuphatha amandla zizokwazi ukuphelela kwesitayile yomthwakazi wokugcina ngokuphatha kwezinye izinyathelo zokuphatha okungazange kube yilokho.
Ukugcina ukuthi izinga lezinyawo zokuphatha kwezinyawo zokuphatha nezinyawo zokuphatha ezinamandla e-temperature ephakeme kuyasindisa izimo eziningi zokuphulwa ngokwesibini. Isithunzi seteknikhi samanqoba isilungiselelo sezinyawo zokuphatha ukuze sikhonkhe ngezindlela zokusebenza zokusebenza. Le paki yezinyawo zokuphatha ye-Ti-6Al-4V yasezinyawo yasindisa izimboni ezinkulu zokuhlela kwamazwe. Ukubalwa kokuphatha kwezinyawo zokuphatha kwezinyawo zokuphatha kusukela ku-micro-hardness mapping nokubona kwezinyawo zokuphatha kuyasindisa ukuthi kuyaphatha ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugcina izinyawo zokuphatha ezinamandla e-temperature ephakeme kuyasindisa izinyawo zokuphatha ezinamandla e-oxidative wear
Ukuvumela nokuthi kunezinto ezihlukene zokusebenza
Ukugxilwa kwemikhili kweblaydi yamathuba okukhokhola kuyinikela ukungabonakali kokukhokhola emkhakheni wokugxilwa okuphambili. Lokhu kuthulula ukubuka kwe-Ti-6Al-4V kuyinikela ukunciphisa ukubuka kwenkulumo yokuqondana. Ukudala kweblaydi yamathuba okukhokhola ngokuphelele kufuneka ukususa izinkinga zokubuka emkhakheni wokubuka. Isilayi esisisekelwe kuhigh-temperature sokubuka kuyinikela ukubuka kwe-moisture kumilinganisi wokukhokhola okwenzekayo. Izindlela zokusebenza zokukhokhola kweblaydi yamathuba okukhokhola ziyinikela ukuzivikanisa okungavumelekile ngokuphelele.
Lokhu kucabanga kwezinye zezinto zokusebenza kwe-Ti-6Al-4V kubonisa ukuthi izinyathelo zokusebenza zizoba ngokufanayo ngokuphelele. Kumaqondiswano abafuna ukuvutha ubukhulu bekhothama yezimpilo, ukusebenzisa oku kusuka emisebenzini yethu kuyakwenzeka ngokushesha kumakhala okusebenzisa okuzimele. Ukusebenzisa isikrini sokubhala esiphakeme kwezinyathelo ne-nitriding kuyavutha izikhathi zokusebenzisa okuzimele ngokuphelele. Isidingo esibalasekile sokunitritha kwezinyathelo yezimpilo kukuthi kubhekise ukungavuthi kahle. Lokhu kucabanga kwezinye zezinto zokusebenza kwe-Ti-6Al-4V kuyavutha izikhathi zokusebenzisa okuzimele. Abalungisi bempilo bakhetha ubukhulu bekhothama yezimpilo xa bahlola izinketho zokuvutha isikhathi sokusebenza. Ukukhetha isikrini sokubhala esiphakeme kwezinyathelo esivuthile kuyabhekisa ukuthi isikrini sibheke ngokuphelele phansi kwemvutho.
Umbono wemithombo nezindlela zokusebenza
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthembeka okukhulu, ukusebenzisa i-nitriding ye-turbine blade kusungula indawo yokuhlakazeka eyenziwe ngobunjiniyela kuyo yonke i-airfoil. Lokhu kuhlolwa okuhlelekile kwe-Ti-6Al-4V kusebenza kahle ekuphenduleni kwesakhiwo sezinto ezisetshenziswayo ku-high-speed wet steam. Ukuqina okuphelele kwe-turbine yamanzi kuxhomeke kakhulu ekuvikeleni imiphetho engaphambili yamayunithi amakhulu e-rotor. Ukusebenzisa indawo yokuqala yokumboza ama-blade ashisa kakhulu kuvikela izingxenye ekuqhumeni okuqinile. Ubuchwepheshe bethu bokuvikela i-nitriding blades busekelwe ekuhlaleni kwe-nitrogen e-ionized ekushiseni okuphansi.
Lokhu kubalulekile kokusobala kwe-Ti-6Al-4V kufuna ukukhathazeka kwezinhlobo zezinto zokuzisa ezinconywa. Abasebenzi besayensi bakhumbula ukuthi izibhambo zokuphuma kwesitimba zisobala kakhulu uma bavuselela iziqondiso zezinye izinto ngalesi indlela. Isistimu esikhulu sokubhisha izibhambo esihlukene kakhulu kuyasebenza kahle kusuka kwezinye izinyathelo zokubhisha ngokwesithunzi. Ukuvumela ukuthi izibhambo zokuphuma kwesitimba zizibhishwe ngokwesithunzi kuyakhiwa ngokubhekisele kwezinye izinyathelo zokubhisha ngokwesithunzi. Lokhu kubalulekile kokusobala kwe-Ti-6Al-4V kusobala kakhulu kungabikho nokubhishwa ngokwamanje.
Ukuthuthukiswa Kwemisebenzi Nokuthola Kokubalulekile
Ukuqina kwesikhathi eside kwe-turbine yamanzi kuthuthukiswa lapho ukuguga kokugqoka kuma-interface okuxhuma kulawulwa. Izixazululo zethu zokuvikela ama-blade ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu ziyaqinisekiswa ngaphansi kwezimo ezifaniswayo zesikhungo sikagesi. Ukuqalisa i-nitriding ye-turbine blade kugcina izinzuzo eziphansi zokuqina kwezitshalo ze-titanium. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-Ti-6Al-4V okuqinisekisiwe kwe-Ti-6Al-4V kunciphisa isidingo sokushintshwa kwezingxenye njalo. Amanethiwekhi okukhiqiza ugesi adinga ukuqina okuphezulu kwe-turbine yamanzi ukuze kugwenywe isikhathi sokuphumula okungalindelekile.
Ukusebenzisa ukubhalwa kwe-blade okuphakeme kakhulu kwezindawo eziningi kusinda ukugqibela kwemithombo yezinhlelo zokusebenza. Iziqalekiso zesikhathi esiphakeme sezindlela zokusebenza zethurbin zethu zisakhiwe ngokuphelele kumthwakazi wokuthi wasebenzise isithembiso sokukhanya. Lokhu okuphathelene nokubhalwa kwe-Ti-6Al-4V kusenza ukuthi kubhalwe ngokufanekayo kuzo zonke izinyathelo zokubhalwa kwezindawo ezinkulu nezincane. Ukuthuthukisa ukudura kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zokusha ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo zokubhalwa kusenza ukuthi kuncamane kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zokusha kusenza ukuthi kuncamane kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zokusha. Ngokubhalwa kwezindawo eziningi zokubhalwa kwezindawo ezikhulu kusenza ukuthi kubaluleke ukuthi kubhalwe ngokufanekayo kuzo zonke izinyathelo zokubhalwa kwezindawo ezinkulu nezincane.
Ukugxilwa kwezinyathelo zokubhalwa nokulungisa
Amathesithi emechaniki asibonisa ukuthi ukunqula kwemithambo yemitshini yasinda kusinika ubukhulu bokuvikela phansi kwezimpilo zezinto ezinkulu. Lokhu kucacisa ukunqula kwezinye izinyathelo zokusebenza kwe-Ti-6Al-4V kusinika amasimu amahle ekupheleni kwezikhathi esifanayo ngokugcina kwezindawo zokusebenza ngokusha. Ukuchaza ubukhulu bokusebenza kwezimithambo zokusebenza kwezilwane zokusebenza kwezilwane zokusebenza kuyisidingo esikhulu ekubeni isikhathi sokusebenza kwezindawo zokusebenza kubhekwe ngokuphelele. Ukukhetha ukunqula okuhle kwezinye izinyathelo zokusebenza kwezilwane zokusebenza kwezilwane zokusebenza kuzosinika izinyathelo zokusebenza phansi kokufana kwezilwane zokusebenza kwezilwane zokusebenza. Lokhu kucacisa ukunqula kwezinye izinyathelo zokusebenza kwezilwane zokusebenza kuzosinika izinyathelo zokusebenza phansi kokufana kwezilwane zokusebenza kwezilwane zokusebenza.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezindlela zokusebenzisa i-Ti-6Al-4V esivumelweyo kuthinta ukuthi kufanele kubhekwe ngokuphelele izindlela zezindustria zasezweni lonke. Abasebenzi bavala ubukhulu obungapheliyo be-steam turbine ngokubheka izikhathi eziningi emva kokusebenzisa isikhombisa. Ukukhetha isikhombisa sokugcina esisemphakathini sokuphakama kusiza ukunciphisa ukungafanele kwezinhlobo zokusebenza zemoto ngokuphakeme kusasa. Ukuhlanganiswa kwethu kwezindlela zokunqula amaphoyinti we-turbine kuyenza ukuthi isikhombisa sibhekele kakhulu ekupheleni kwezinhlobo zokusebenza zemoto ngokuphakeme kusasa. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwezindlela zokusebenzisa i-Ti-6Al-4V kuyasebenza ngokuphelele ngezinhlobo zokusebenza zemoto zasezweni lonke.
Ukubuyiselwa kweNompumelelo kunye nokuhlola
Ukuthi isitilimu sesithembu sibalulekile kakhulu kudinga ukuziqonda kahle ukuthi i-phase stability kinetics. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela entsha yokubhisha amaphathi esithembu sokuphezulu kwesikhathi sokukhanya kusinika ukuthi isibonelo esihambelana ngokuphelele emkhosini phakathi kokushaya. Ukwenza i-nitriding yamaphathi yesithembu kusinika isikhundla esikhanyayo esikhethe ukugqibela okuhambelana nokugqibela kokunqula. Le ntshisekelo yamaphathi esithembu ya-Ti-6Al-4V yenzela ukuthi ibe yisikhundla esihambelana ngokuphelele sokuvulwa kwesikhundla sokwenzela izinyathelo ezilandelayo. Ukufinyelela ukuthi isithembu sesithembu sibalulekile kakhulu kudinga ukukhathazeka kokushaya okuphakeme kwezindawo eziphakeme.
Ukusebenza kwethu kwezinkqubo zokufutha kwesikhathi esiphakeme kusinika ukuvikelwa okwanele kwezinhloso zemvelo. Amasithili wezindlela zokuphatha amandla ayisebenza ngokufutha kwezibhade zokugcina izinkambo ezingcono kakhulu zokuphatha amandla. Lokhu kubonakala kwezibhade zokuphatha amandla zokusebenza ngokufutha kwe-Ti-6Al-4V kusinika isikhombisa sokufutha sokunqula kwe-nitrogen. Izincazelo zokuphatha amandla zokusebenza kwezinhloso zokusebenza kwezibhade zokuphatha amandla zisibonisa ukuthi kukhona umncane wokukhulula kwezibhade zokuphatha amandla. Ukufutha kwesibili kwezibhade zokuphatha amandla kwezikhathi esiphakeme kusinika ukuthinteka okwanele kwezifutho zokuchitha kwezinhloso.
Ukwenza kwezinkinga nokukhulula kwesikhundla
Ukuguqulwa kobuchwepheshe kusuka kusimbi engenalutho kuya kusendlalelo sokukhiqiza se-turbine blade nitriding kuqapheliswa ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuhlolwa okuqinile kwe-Ti-6Al-4V kuqinisekisa ukuthi ubulukhuni buhamba kahle. Ukuthuthukisa ukuqina kwe-turbine yamanzi kusabalulekile ezigabeni zokukhiqiza amandla ezinomthwalo omkhulu. Amafilimu ethu agqokiwe asebenza ngamazinga okushisa aphezulu anciphisa ukuchoboza komhlaba phakathi nokusebenza. Isimo ngasinye sokubunjwa kwe-nitriding ye-turbine blade sihlolwa ngokucophelela ukuze kutholakale ukuthi i-micro-hardness yayo injani.
Lokhu kuhlolwa okuphezulu kweTi-6Al-4V okunokwethenjelwa kugcina amandla okudonsa emvelo wesisekelo. Ukuhambisana nezindinganiso zezimboni kudinga ukuthi izinguquko ekuqineni kwe-turbine yamanzi zilandelwe ngokuphelele. Ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokumboza ama-blade okushisa aphezulu asebenza kahle kugcina ukusebenza kahle kwe-aerodynamic. Imijikelezo yethu yokugcoba ama-turbine blade ivimbela ukuhlanekezela okusebenzayo emafosheni asezindizeni ayinkimbinkimbi. Lokhu kwelashwa okuyingqayizivele kwe-Ti-6Al-4V kunikeza ama-profile athembekile okugqoka ngaphansi komthwalo oqhubekayo.
Isiphetho
Izisifunda zesimanzi sibonakalisa ukuthi izikhathi zokusebenza kwezinhlobo zezimanzi ziyakhethwa ngokuphelele ukuze zifanele nezindlela zokubhalwa zokugcina ukusebenza. Isayensi yethu esiphambili yokubhisha amaphuzu okukhanya kwezinhlobo zezimanzi isebenzisa izindlela zokubhisha okusobala ngokwesimanzi. Ukwenza ukubhisha okuzenzakalekile kwezinhlobo zezimanzi kuyabeka phansi ukwesekwa kwabantu ngokwenziwa kwezinhlobo. Lokhu kusha kokubhisha kwezinhlobo zezimanzi kwe-Ti-6Al-4V kuyabeka imininingwane yezinhlobo zezimanzi ekhanda elide. Ukwenza ukuthi izinhlobo zezimanzi ziyasebenza ngokudelela kuyikhethekile ukuthi kwenziwe ukunciphisa ukuthi kubhishelwa kwezindawo zokuxhumana. Ukubhisha okuphelele kwezinhlobo zezimanzi kuyabulawa izinhlobo zezimanzi ukususa ukubhishelwa okuhle kwezinhlobo zezimanzi.
Ukuzimisa kwakho kwezinyathelo zokuthuthukisa izinyathelo zokunqamula kuyisisekelo sokuthuthukisa ukuthi izinyathelo zokunqamula ziyasebenza ngokuphelele. Lokhu kucatshangwa kwezinyathelo zokunqamula kwe-Ti-6Al-4V kususela kwezinkinga zokuthatha isikhathi sokubhala ngokwesikhathi. Ukuvikela ukuthi izinyathelo zokunqamula zokusha ziyasebenza ngokuphelele kufanele kwenziwe ngokuthi sibone isikhathi sokuthuthukisa izinyathelo zokunqamula. Isigaba esilungileyo sokuthatha isikhathi sokubhala ngokwesikhathi sokunqamula kwezinyathelo zokunqamula ziyabhalwa ngokuphelele ngokuphambili. Lokhu kucatshangwa kwezinyathelo zokunqamula kwe-Ti-6Al-4V kususela kwezinkinga zokuthatha isikhathi sokubhala ngokwesikhathi kususela kwezinkinga zokuthatha isikhathi sokubhala ngokwesikhathi kususela kwezinkinga zokuthatha isikhathi sokubhala ngokwesikhathi. Izinkampani ezithuthukisiweyo ziyavikela ukuthi izinyathelo zokunqamula ziyasebenza ngokuphelele ngokusebenzisa lezi zinyathelo zokunqamula zokuthuthukisa izinyathelo zokunqamula. Ukuthinta okuthuthukisiweyo kokuthatha isikhathi sokubhala ngokwesikhathi sokunqamula kwezinyathelo zokunqamula kususela kwezinkinga zokuthatha isikhathi sokubhala ngokwesikhathi kususela kwezinkinga zokuthatha isikhathi sokubhala ngokwesikhathi kususela kwezinkinga zokuthatha isikhathi sokubhala ngokwesikhathi kususela kwezinkinga zokuthatha isikhathi sokubhala ngokwesikhathi.
